Phosgeniminium salt 1 easily condenses with vinylogues of malononitrile 4 to yield new gamma,gamma-dicyano-alpha-chlorodienamines 13 which can undergo substitutions and heterocyclisation reactions. Vinylogues of malonate do not react with 1 whereas those of cyanoacetate 21 lead to the formation of new alpha-pyrones 23.
Bouvy, D., Janousek, Z., & Viehe, HG. (1993). Condensation of Dichloromethyleniminium Chloride With Alkylidenemalononitriles Or Alkylidenecyanoacetates. Societes Chimiques Belges. Bulletin, 102(2), 129-140. https://doi.org/10.1002/bscb.19931020208 (Original work published 1993)