Raised immunoglobulin A and circulating T follicular helper cells are linked to the development of food allergy in pediatric liver transplant patients
(2015) Clinical and Experimental Allergy — Vol. 46, n° 6, p. 1060-1070 (2015)
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- BACKGROUND: Post transplant food allergy (LTFA) is increasingly observed after pediatric liver transplantation (LT). Although the immunopathology of LTFA remains unclear, immunoglobulin (Ig) E seems to be implicated. OBJECTIVE: To study humoral and cellular immunity in pediatric LT patients in search for factors associated with LTFA, and compare with healthy controls (HC) and non-transplant food allergic children (FA). METHODS: We studied serum Ig levels in 29 LTFA, 43 non-food allergic LT patients (LTnoFA), 21 FA patients and 36 HC. Serum specific IgA and IgE against common food allergens in LTFA, IgA1 , IgA2 and joining-chain containing polymeric IgA (pIgA) were measured. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were analyzed by flow cytometry for B and T cell populations of interest. RESULTS: Serum IgA and specific IgA were higher in LTFA compared to LTnoFA. LTFA patients had the highest proportion of circulating T follicular helper cells (cTfh). The percentage of cTfh correlated positively with serum IgA. Unique in LTFA was also the significant increase in serum markers of mucosal IgA and the decrease in the Th17 subset of CXCR5- CD4+ cells compared to HC. Both LT patients exhibited a rise in IgA+ memory B cells and plasmablasts compared to HC and FA. CONCLUSIONS: LT has an impact on humoral immunity, remarkably in those patients developing FA. The increase in serum markers of mucosal IgA, food allergen specific IgA and cTfh cells observed in LTFA, point towards a disturbance in intestinal immune homeostasis in this patient group. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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De Bruyne, R., Gevaert, P., van Winckel, M., De Ruyck, N., Minne, A., Bogaert, D., van Biervliet, S., Vande Velde, S., Smets, F., Sokal, E., Gottrand, F., Vanhelst, J., Detry, B., Pilette, C., Lambrecht, B. N., & Dullaers, M. (2015). Raised immunoglobulin A and circulating T follicular helper cells are linked to the development of food allergy in pediatric liver transplant patients. Clinical and Experimental Allergy, 46(6), 1060-1070. https://doi.org/10.1111/cea.12514 (Original work published 2015)