Dynamiques des dégradations de l’arganeraie et modélisation spatiale de l’évolution forestière
(2013)
Files
Thèse_Farid_ELWAHIDI_13_MARS_2012.pdf
Open Access - Adobe PDF
- 11.01 MB
Details
- Authors
- Supervisors
- Abstract
- (en) Rural forest, domestic forest or agro-ecosystem are management models which can qualify the argan forest (Argania spinosa (L.) Skeels). All of them confirm the strong link between local people and this agro-sylvo-pastoral ecosystem which covers around 948 200 ha in the southwestern of Morocco. Argan forest is known to undergo degradation. Yet, many studies highlighted degradation dynamics which are widely simplified and wrongly generalized to the whole argan forest region. This thesis aims at contributing to the development of objective tools to assess forest degradation and to a better understanding of the “equilibrium” between ecological changes and social transformations. It proposes to the different stakeholders a strategy for restoring this agro-ecosystem. It is based on scenario simulation of the future forest landscape combining biophysical and social data and various approaches based on territorial land use dynamic modelling. The research carried out in Haha region (province of Essaouira) concerns all the coastal and mountain argan forests. It is organized in three main parts. First, the rates of tree density reduction and of forest area change are precisely estimated by remote sensing over 22 years. While the forest undergoes small change dynamics, it suffers from qualitative degradation of ecosystem attributes and ecological dysfunctions. This issue is addressed in the second part of the thesis, which focuses on quantifying qualitative degradation at regional scale, using holistic measures and multivariate analysis. A system is built to characterize and monitor this phenomenon which has been overlooked for long. The developed models are then incorporated in forest monitoring systems and impact assessment studies at regional scale. Finally, the third part of this work simulates over 30 years the expected change of land tenure and stand degradation levels for three scenarii of public-private partnership. The modeling approach was found relevant as a decision making support system and highlighted promising forest management strategy. In conclusion, three major findings result from this study : (i) a significant clarification around the dynamics of degradation in the argan forest, (ii) an operational methodological approach for characterizing and predicting qualitative degradation for open woodlands, and (iii) a new approach of forest management strategy based on negotiation and incentive mechanisms in the framework of public-private partnership.
- Affiliations
Citations
El Wahidi, F. (2013). Dynamiques des dégradations de l’arganeraie et modélisation spatiale de l’évolution forestière. https://hdl.handle.net/2078.5/163799