(en) Summer frogs (Rana temporaria) were injected every two days through the mouth into the ventral lymphatic space with 60 mg of β-guanidinopropionate dissolved in 1 ml of 127 mm NaCl for 45 days. Sartorius muscles were isolated and poisoned with 0.4 mm iodoacetate. They were stimulated at 20°C in nitrogen at length for either 2, 4 or 8 sec. The force developed was recorded isometrically.. Creatine and β-guanidinopropionate, both free and total, were measured by colorimetric method. ATP, ADP and AMP were measured enzymatically. In parallel experiments heat production was measured in separate muscles using a Hill-Downing type thermopile. unpoisoned muscles, the apparent enthalpy change of ⁓P hydrolysis was 44.2 kJ/mol- throughout the tetanus. In muscles poisoned with β-guanidinopropionate the enthalpy increased progressively from 40.3 kJ/mol after 2 sec of tetanus to 68.8 kJ/mol after 8 sec.
De Saedeleer, M., Lebacq, J., & Maréchal, G. (1985). Energy metabolism in Muscles of Frogs Intoxicated With An Isomer of Creatine, Beta-guanidinopropionate. Journal of Muscle Research and Cell Motility, 6(1), 89. (Original work published 1985)