Stuc et stucateurs dans les Pays-Bas méridionaux (XVIIe - XVIIIe siècle)
(2012)
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- Authors
- Supervisors
- Bragard, Philippe
- Abstract
- (en) Having clearly defined material and ancient techniques of stucco (lime and marble dust), the author gives a summary of the evolution of stucco especially for countries surrounding Belgium and for Italy. He shows the existence of a tradition of stucco different from antiquity throughout the Middle Ages. The author, after the state of affairs in Belgium, shows the great dearth of research on the subject. In the seventeenth century, only the activity of Jan Christiaen Hansche was studied. For the first part of the eighteenth century, only large baroque and rococo decorations are well known and for the second half of the century, knowledge is limited to large stucco decorations and the best known stucco workers. The author shows that the tradition of stucco back probably in Belgium at the end of the sixteenth century. It is the fact that the plasterers will mix the plaster with animal glue to decorate ceilings and walls, mostly religious buildings. There are three main groups of works: the so-called Gothic arches, beams stuccoed ceilings and molded ceilings. In all three cases, the relationship with Germany, Holland and England is obvious. It is so far from the image of the only activity Hansche, all these sets are made in the country. The author shows more stylistic kinship with ceilings made by Hansche and productions in Northern Germany and the existence of some sets, childless, hand by great sculptors. In the eighteenth century, the author first shows that the number of rococo style stucco is much higher than previously thought and that this demonstrates a broad activity of local stucco work alongside the “Italians”. These Italian plasterers, in fact from the canton of Ticino, arrived in Belgium in the early eighteenth century and are active over a century. They introduce the technique of the ancient stucco but they do not prevent the continuation of the work based on stucco plaster. The two techniques coexist in the second half of the century. Louis XVI decorations multiply and local plasterers participation is still increasing. The style will evolve a rich Louis XVI style in ancient Pompeii in the late 1780s. This is also the time when technology evolves more and more towards the use of plaster rather than stucco. Some sets will still be created in Empire style in the early nineteenth century. The author examines the special case of the family of plasterers Moretti from Riva San Vitale. For each of these five artists, it provides a biography, a detailed catalog and the description of the individual's own style. He does the same with the family of painters decorator Caldelli from Brissago. The author then shares his experience in conservation and restoration of stucco and some book recommendations. It ends with a directory of plasterers active in Belgium in the seventeenth and eighteenth century.
- Affiliations
Citations
Giot, F. (2012). Stuc et stucateurs dans les Pays-Bas méridionaux (XVIIe - XVIIIe siècle). https://hdl.handle.net/2078.5/47087