Exposure to cadmium has been associated with osteoporosis and fracture risk in women and elderly, but studies in children are lacking. In the present study we investigate the association between markers of bone demineralization [urinary calcium (Ca) and deoxypyridinoline (DPD) excretion] and urinary cadmium (Cd) excretion (as an index of lifetime body burden).
Sughis, M., Penders, J., Haufroid, V., Nemery, B., & Nawrot, T. S. (2011). Bone resorption and environmental exposure to cadmium in children: a cross--sectional study. Environmental Health: A Global Access Science Source, 10(1), 104. https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-069X-10-104 (Original work published 2011)