Carbohydrate composition of green agricultural herbaceous biomass for ethanol conversion: Jerusalem artichoke

Lamaudière, Stéphane;Godin, Bruno;Agneessens, R.;Schmit, T.;Gerin, Patrick;et.al.
(2012) Ph.D. Student Day of the Environmental sciences, Technologies and Management (ENVITAM) and Process engineering (GEPROC) Graduate Schools — Location: Gembloux, Belgium (8.February.2012)

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  • Lamaudière, StéphaneUCLouvain
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  • Godin, BrunoUCLouvain
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  • Agneessens, R.
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  • Schmit, T.
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  • Gerin, Patrickorcid-logoUCLouvain
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Abstract
Biofuels can offer an alternative to fossil fuels in the context climate change and fossil reserves depletion. Plant biomass consists mainly of structural (cell wall) polysaccharides, but contains also reserve polysaccharides (starch, polyfructans) and soluble carbohydrates, that can be converted by micro-organisms. So agricultural residues and herbaceous biomasses offer the opportunity to be converted to second-generation bio-ethanol. In this study, we examined the composition of Jerusalem artichoke stalks and leaves, as well as tubers, to check their suitability for a dedicated ethanol conversion process. We investigated the influence of fertilization, crop density and harvest period for several years. All harvested samples were dried at 60°C and stored until analysis. Soluble carbohydrates were extracted from the dried biomass samples by water at 70°C. Total soluble sugars were determined by Luff-Schoorl method. Individual soluble carbohydrates Fructose, Glucose, Sucrose (FGS) and oligofructans to a degree of polymerisation DP11 were analysed by HPLC-ELSD with Carbohydrate Prevail column. Total polyfructans were determined by subtracting FGS from total soluble carbohydrates. Structural polysaccharides cellulose and hemicelluloses were determined after acid hydrolysis of isolated fractions and HPLC-CAD. For two harvest years (2009-2010), the aerial part of Jerusalem artichoke show a maximum content of 40 to 85 gFGS/kgDM (8 to 30 gFGS/kgFM) in late summer to mid fall. There is a decrease in the content polyfructans, possibly due to the translocation of polyfructans stored in the aerial parts to the tubers. The tubers reach contents of 700g/kgDM (90 g/kgFM) polyfructans. The direct fermentation of soluble carbohydrate availables in the aerial part can lead to ethanol concentration of maximum 30 to 50 gEtOH/lliquor. During the plant development, the amount of fibers (cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin) increases and the amounts of protein and mineral compound decrease. In the hemicelluloses, the proportion of xylan increases while glucan, mannan and arabinan decrease.
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Lamaudière, S., Godin, B., Agneessens, R., Schmit, T., Goffart, J.-P., Stilmant, D., Delcarte, J., & Gerin, P. (2012). Carbohydrate composition of green agricultural herbaceous biomass for ethanol conversion: Jerusalem artichoke. Ph.D. Student Day of the Environmental sciences, Technologies and Management (ENVITAM) and Process engineering (GEPROC) Graduate Schools, Gembloux, Belgium. https://hdl.handle.net/2078.5/161686