Search for a Neutral Gauge Boson with Nonuniversal Fermion Couplings in Vector Boson Fusion Processes in Proton-Proton Collisions at <math display="inline"><msqrt><mi>s</mi></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>13</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>TeV</mi></math>

Benecke, Anna;Bethani, Agni;Bruno, Giacomo;Caputo, Claudio;CMS;et.al.
(2025) Physical Review Letters — Vol. 135 (2025)

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Abstract
The first search for a heavy neutral spin-1 gauge boson (<math display="inline"><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>Z</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>′</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math>) with nonuniversal fermion couplings produced via vector boson fusion processes and decaying to tau leptons or <math display="inline"><mi>W</mi></math> bosons is presented. The analysis is performed using LHC data at <math display="inline"><msqrt><mi>s</mi></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>13</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>TeV</mi></math>, collected from 2016 to 2018 with the CMS experiment and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of <math display="inline"><mrow><mn>138</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><msup><mrow><mi>fb</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math>. The data are consistent with the standard model predictions. Upper limits are set on the product of the cross section for production of the <math display="inline"><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>Z</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>′</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math> boson and its branching fraction to <math display="inline"><mi>τ</mi><mi>τ</mi></math> or <math display="inline"><mi>W</mi><mi>W</mi></math>. The presence of a <math display="inline"><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>Z</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>′</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math> boson decaying to <math display="inline"><mrow><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>τ</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></mrow><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>τ</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>-</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></mrow></math> (<math display="inline"><mrow><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>W</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></mrow><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>W</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>-</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></mrow></math>) is excluded for masses up to 2.45(1.60) TeV, depending on the <math display="inline"><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>Z</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>′</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math> boson coupling to standard model weak bosons, and assuming a <math display="inline"><mrow><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>Z</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>′</mo></mrow></msup></mrow><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>τ</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></mrow><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>τ</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>-</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></mrow></math> (<math display="inline"><mrow><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>W</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></mrow><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>W</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>-</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></mrow></math>) branching fraction of 50%.
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Benecke, A., Bethani, A., Bruno, G., Caputo, C., de Favereau de Jeneret, J., Delaere, C., Donertas, I. S., Giammanco, A., Guzel, A. O., Jain, S., Jain, S., Lemaitre, V., Lidrych, J., Mastrapasqua, P., Tran, T. T., CMS, & et al. (2025). Search for a Neutral Gauge Boson with Nonuniversal Fermion Couplings in Vector Boson Fusion Processes in Proton-Proton Collisions at <math display=“inline”><msqrt><mi>s</mi></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>13</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>TeV</mi></math>. Physical Review Letters, 135. https://doi.org/10.1103/srvm-f1h3 (Original work published 2025)