Studies of novel electrolyte systems for lithium and sodium batteries
(2023)
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- Authors
- Supervisors
- Vlad, Alexandru
- Abstract
- After decades of rapid development, lithium-ion batteries have achieved significant commercial success in the portable power market, becoming an indispensable component of our daily lives. However, their utilization in large-scale applications such as electric vehicles or residential storage faces major obstacles. The current state-of-the-art lithium-ion batteries do not meet the energy density requirements of these targeted large-scale energy storage devices. Moreover, these batteries employ highly flammable and volatile organic carbonates as electrolyte solvents, posing significant safety concerns such as fire and explosion risks. Consequently, researchers have shifted their focus towards the next generation of high-energy rechargeable batteries, such as lithium-metal and sodium-metal batteries, along with the development of safer electrolytes like high-concentration electrolytes and solid-state electrolytes. In such a context, the objective of this thesis is to develop new high-concentration electrolytes and establish high-energy density lithium/sodium all-solid-state battery systems. Firstly, we explored the changes in physicochemical properties and solvent structure of alcohol-based electrolytes at different concentrations and their effects on the performance of lithium-ion batteries, and finally developed an original “alcohol-in-salt” high concentration electrolyte system, which exhibits good safety and excellent low-temperature performance. Secondly, we have constructed two all-solid-state battery systems employing widely-used lithium and sodium sulfide solid-state electrolytes, in combination with a high-capacity Na2MoS4 cathode material featuring mixed cationic and anionic redox capabilities, which deliver respective energy densities of approximately 910 and 700 Wh/kg at materials level.
- Affiliations
Citations
Xu, H. (2023). Studies of novel electrolyte systems for lithium and sodium batteries. https://hdl.handle.net/2078.5/102406