Accommodation of the Rare Earths in the Periodic Table: A Historical Analysis

Thyssen, Pieter;Binnemans, Koen
(2011) Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths — ISBN: [978-0-444-53590-0], p. 1-93, published

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Abstract
This chapter gives an overview of the evolution of the position of the rare-earth elements in the periodic system, from Mendeleev’s time to the present. Three fundamentally different accommodation methodologies have been proposed over the years. Mendeleev considered the rare-earth elements as homologues of the other elements. Other chemists looked upon the rare earths as forming a special intraperiodic group and therefore clustered the rare-earth elements in one of the groups of the periodic table. Still others adhered to the intergroup accommodation of the rare earths, according to which the rare-earth elements do not show any relationship with the other elements, so that they had to be placed within the periodic table as a separate family of elements. The intergroup accommodation became the preferred one in the twentieth century. The advantages and disadvantages of the different representations of the modern periodic table are discussed.
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Thyssen, P., & Binnemans, K. (2011). Accommodation of the Rare Earths in the Periodic Table: A Historical Analysis. In Karl A. Gschneidner Jr, Jean-Claude G. Bünzli & Vitalij K. Pecharsky (ed.), Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths (p. p. 1-93). Elsevier. https://hdl.handle.net/2078.5/219417