Étude sémantico-pragmatique du langage caractéristique de la dépendance des femmes burundaises à l'égard de leurs maris
(2011)
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- (en) Each social reality having a language that describes it, the fundamental hypothesis of this research is that the phenomenon of male domination in Burundi is under lied, inter-alia, by language that maintains female stereotypes in social relations between genders. Our study supports the idea that the language that characterizes social relations between genders is a key factor in maintaining the subordination of Burundian women towards their husbands. To answer this question, we collected a set of proverbs and messages from the ordinary language that contains linguistic indicators of female submission in Burundians’ verbal expression. A corpus of 126 proverbs and another one of 134 voice messages extracts collected in northern, central and southern Burundi has been made. These materials were treated using the qualitative and quantitative methods and based on theories of linguistic pragmatics and so to analyze the existing links between Burundians-speakers- their language about women and the referential context that is the underestimation of woman in Burundi. Semic analysis, syntactic and semantic tools showed that the inherent semes and the contextual ones – determined the common opinion dominated by the tradition − attributed to the word ‘Umugore’ (a woman) define a woman in a set of stereotypes describing the wickedness, laziness, ignorance, the curse that she is guilty by her nature, anything that falls within the semantic field of evil. On the contrary, the word ‘umugabo’ (a man) is always connoted and denoted by meliorative terms and contexts. It follows that the syntactic construction of statements containing the two words ‘umugore-umugabo’ will always be a sense that justifies the dependence of woman towards man. The Quantitative analysis in turn, attested, by high percentages of responses to questions highlighting the inferiority of woman compared to man, the general trends of Burundians about the language condemning the woman. Moreover, the results show that there is no difference between positions of women and men − whatever their origin and education level are − on the state of movement of female stereotypes in the language, with the results that men consider themselves as superior and women recognize that male supremacy. The purpose of this research was to show that the use of a language is not at all detached from the user behavior. This is so that any statement comes from someone and is intended to somebody. Inferences induced by a construction and an interpretation of the meaning of statements necessarily involve social behaviors. It’s the case of Burundians’ proverbial and ordinary language. It’s often a bearer and an indicator of their lifestyle attitudes especially in social relations that governs the feminine and masculine.
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Ngendakumana, W. (2011). Étude sémantico-pragmatique du langage caractéristique de la dépendance des femmes burundaises à l’égard de leurs maris. https://hdl.handle.net/2078.5/46958