Almost half a century after its prediction, the Higgs boson has been discovered in 2012 by the ATLAS and the CMS collaborations with the data accumulated during the first run of the LHC. While the existence of the electroweak symmetry breaking mechanism is now a piece of evidence, the scalar particle content could not be limited to the Higgs boson. A simple extension of the scalar sector, the 2HDM, predicts the existence of five scalar bosons and provides a very rich phenomenology and therefore new channels to test the standard model at the LHC. In particular, the first searches for the production of a heavy scalar decaying to a pseudoscalar and a Z boson have been carried out in this thesis in the final state with two leptons and two b-jets. No evidence of new physics has been found with the data collected in 2012 and 2015, we have therefore partially excluded the parameter space in regions which are unreachable using only the standard model Higgs boson properties. Having in mind the large variety of 2HDM and more complex models that could involve such processes, the analysis strategy has been chosen to be easily re-casted or reinterpreted. Alongside this, we have provided the community with a modular parametric detector simulation called Delphes. The program has shown to realistically reproduce the performance of the CMS detector. It is currently widely used by both the experimental collaborations and the phenomenologists.
Mertens, A. (2017). Search for 2HDM extensions of the scalar sector close to the alignment limit with the CMS detector. https://hdl.handle.net/2078.5/178217