Costs, benefits and immune defenses in the relationship between insects and symbiotic bacteria
(2015) Biologie Adaptative des Pucerons et Organismes Associés (BAPOA) — Location: Paris, France (5.November.2015)
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- Symbiotic associations between microorganisms and insects are common in nature. These microorganisms can play important role of the evolution and ecology of their hosts by modifying their phenotype. Moreover, as these are heritable, they can be considered as a real adaptive potential. In order to study how symbiotic microorganisms may persist and contribute to the evolutionary success of their host, aphids represent a valuable model thanks to their well-studied associations with a wide range of bacterial symbionts. Indeed, in addition to their obligate symbiont Buchnera aphidicola providing essential nutrients for their host survival, these pest insects may harbor various facultative symbionts conferring major phenotypic effects during environmental stresses. Recently, several strains of the facultative symbiont Serratia symbiotica, have been isolated from Aphis fabae, making this symbiont one of the rare symbiont of insects that can be cultured in vitro and the only cultivable symbiont of aphids. These cultivable strains, which do not known their biological roles, are very interesting to study how could emerge a new symbiotic bacteria acquired from the environment and studying the defense mechanisms set up by the aphid to tolerate the presence of symbiotic bacteria in their tissues while protecting the host from pathogenic bacteria. In this contexte, the aims of my Ph.D. are: 1) to determine the biological role of cultivable S. symbiotica and its consequences on the host fitness, 2) to understand the immune defense mechanisms set up at the hemolymph level when aphids have to face symbionts and pathogens, 3) to understand the role of the oxidative environment in aphids for controlling invasive bacteria. This Ph.D. should clarify the role of S. symbiotica in aphids and the defense systems set up by these insects in the context of symbiotic interactions. Ultimately, it is about to understand how symbiotic associations have been able to keep up in the evolutionary history of insects.
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Pons-Guillouard, I., Renoz, F., & Hance, T. (2015). Costs, benefits and immune defenses in the relationship between insects and symbiotic bacteria. Biologie Adaptative des Pucerons et Organismes Associés (BAPOA), Paris, France. https://hdl.handle.net/2078.5/248068