A theoretical framework for iterative synchronization based on the sum-product and the expectation-maximization algorithms

Herzet, Cedric;Ramon, Valery;Vandendorpe, Luc
(2007) IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing — Vol. 55, n° 5, p. 1644-1658 (2007)

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Abstract
This paper deals with maximum-likelihood (ML) estimation of synchronization parameters for coded transmission systems. In particular, we present a unified framework based on both the sum-product (SP) algorithm and the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm for the design of iterative synchronizers. The proposed approach is shown to encompass some known iterative synchronizers. In particular, we revisit a previously proposed framework based on the EM algorithm only by means of our "SP-EM" approach. The performance of the proposed synchronization method is assessed in terms of mean-square error and bit-error rate by simulation results. In particular, we consider the joint synchronization of the timing epoch and the carrier phase offset in the case of convolutionally coded and turbo-coded transmissions.
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Herzet, C., Ramon, V., & Vandendorpe, L. (2007). A theoretical framework for iterative synchronization based on the sum-product and the expectation-maximization algorithms. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 55(5), 1644-1658. https://doi.org/10.1109/TSP.2006.890828 (Original work published 2007)