[Functional results of velopharyngoplasty: apropos of 55 cases] From 1991 until 1998, 55 three to twelve year-old patients underwent a velopharyngoplasty to correct velopharyngeal insufficiency. They had indeed severe hypernasality with or without gross reflux of food matter into the nasal cavities or behavioural disturbances. Eighty-two percent had a closed cleft palate. Forty percent presented with mental retardation, heart diseases or multiple syndromal defects. They all had had a previous speech therapy for a long (months) or a very long (years) period of time. In the post operative period, hypernasality disappeared totally or partially in eighty-five percent; reflux disappeared in almost all cases. Middle ear pathologies were not more frequent and were also less severe. Behavioral disturbances associated with a severe speech defect were also less pronounced.
Deggouj, N., Derue, L., Huaux, H., Dutillieux, D., Monteyne, V., Gersdorff, M., Vanwijck, R., & Bayet, B. (2000). Résultats fonctionnels de vélopharyngoplasties: à propos de 55 cas. Revue de Laryngologie - Otologie - Rhinologie, 121(5), 333-337. https://hdl.handle.net/2078.5/96336 (Original work published 2000)