Currently many brain-computer interface systems require intact gaze control. This excludes all users who have lost such control. One possible alternative is the application of non-visual stimuli. We propose a P300 speller system using auditory stimuli based on natural sounds with additional spatial cues. Eleven healthy participants performed two sessions with the proposed system. Average accuracies of 90% and bit rates of 5.45 bits/min were achieved in the second session of training.
Halder, S., Simon, N., Ruf, C. A., Käthner, I., Pasqualotto, E., Kübler, A., & Birbaumer, N. (2013). A portable auditory P300 BCI using directional cues and natural stimuli. IV Tobi Workshop: Practical Brain-Computer Interfaces for End-Users: Progress and Challenges, Sion, Switzerland. https://hdl.handle.net/2078.5/200418