The objective of this thesis was to develop and evaluate scoring systems for the semi- quantitative assessment of fracture healing by using radiographs and CT scans of surgically treated long bones fractures. In a preliminary study, we demonstrated the feasibility and substantial interobserver agreement among 6 observers of the scoring system in a series of radiographs of surgically treated upper and lower limb diaphyseal long bone fractures. Second, we proposed a scoring system of CT data and showed that the analysis of a limited number of long-axis CT reformats was a valuable alternative to the analysis of the large number of CT reformats obtained in the three planes. Third, after assessing the reproducibility of the scores, we compared the results of the radiographic and CT scoring systems in nailed tibial and femoral fractures in a group of patients during normal healing and in a group of patients with non-united fractures. CT provided different score values compared to x-ray in early and late phases of normal healing and in hypertrophic non-unions. Finally, we demonstrated that the radiographic scoring system of nailed long bone fractures could contribute to detect fractures with delayed union at about 3 months after injury.