The Type IV pilus (T4P) is a powerful and sophisticated bacterial nanomachine involved in numerous cellular processes, including adhesion, DNA uptake and motility. Aside from the well-described subtype T4aP of the Gram- negative genera, including Myxococcus, Pseudomonas and Neisseria, the Tad (tight adherence) pilus secretion system re- shuffles homologous parts from other secretion systems along with uncharacterized components into a new type of protein translocation apparatus. A representative of the Tad apparatus, the Caulobacter crescentus pilus assembly (Cpa) machine is built exclusively at the newborn cell pole once per cell cycle. Recent comprehensive genetic analyses unearthed a myriad of spatiotemporal determinants acting on the Tad/ Cpa system, many of which are conserved in other a-proteobacteria, including obligate intracellular pathogens and symbionts.
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UNIGEUniversity of Geneva
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Mignolet, J., Panis, G., & Viollier, P. H. (2018). More than a Tad: spatiotemporal control of Caulobacter pili. Current Opinion in Microbiology, 42, 79-86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mib.2017.10.017 (Original work published 2018)