(en) Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCL) represent a heterogeneous group of aggressive lymphomas, which usually carry a poor prognosis. Malignant T cells may overexpress programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), which signals via programmed death-1 (PD-1) receptor, and provides an inhibitory signal on normal T-cells further suppressing antitumor immunity. They can also express PD1, which may act as a tumor suppressor on malignant T cells. Thus, in principle, blocking the PD1/PDL1 synapse in PTCL may lead to either tumor regression or progression. Nevertheless, PD1-blockade demonstrated antitumor activity in monotherapy in patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) PTCL with an ORR around 33%. [...]