Evaluation of the subacute nephrotoxicity of cyclohexane and other industrial solvents in the female Sprague-Dawley rat.
(1989) Toxicology Letters — Vol. 45, n° 2-3, p. 271-280 (1989)
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- Abstract
- The subacute nephrotoxicity of more than 20 industrial solvents has been compared in female Sprague-Dawley rats. The animals were given 5 i.p. injections of the solvents per week for 2 weeks at doses ranging from 1/20 to 1/5 of the i.p. or oral LD50 and the urinary excretion of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, beta 2-microglobulin and albumin was determined. Under these experimental conditions, two solvents, cyclohexane and styrene, were found to cause some tubular injury as evidenced by a statistically significant increase of beta 2-microglobulinuria. At the same dose, styrene was more tubulotoxic than cyclohexane but the opposite was observed when the solvents were administered proportionally to their LD50. The increased beta 2-microglobulinuria caused by cyclohexane was both time- and dose-dependent. It was not accompanied by changes in the glomerular filtration rate and the renal plasma flow, but at the highest dose (1.5 g/kg) the renal concentrating ability was depressed. These renal tubular effects can most likely be ascribed to cyclohexanol, the main metabolite of cyclohexane. As cyclohexane is a widely used industrial solvent with a relatively high threshold limit value (TWA-TLV: 300 ppm) it might represent an underestimated risk for the renal function of exposed populations.
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Bernard, A., de Russis, R., Normand, J. C., & Lauwerys, R. (1989). Evaluation of the subacute nephrotoxicity of cyclohexane and other industrial solvents in the female Sprague-Dawley rat. Toxicology Letters, 45(2-3), 271-280. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-4274(89)90018-0 (Original work published 1989)