A method for automatic volume segmentation of functional imaging based on a relationship between source-to-background ratio and the iso-activity level to be used is described. Such method, which has been established with radioactive spheres in a phantom, is independent of the a priori knowledge of the lesion of interest and is valid for small (>2 ml) and/or poorly contrasted (S/B>1.5) lesions. Accuracy varies slightly with the image reconstruction algorithm used.
Daisne, J.-F., Sibomana, M., Bol, A., Doumont, T., Lonneux, M., & Grégoire, V. (2003). Tri-dimensional automatic segmentation of PET volumes based on measured source-to-background ratios: influence of reconstruction algorithms. Radiotherapy & Oncology, 69(3), 247-250. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-8140(03)00270-6 (Original work published 2003)