The narrow bandwidth of artificial magnetic conductors (AMC's) limits their use in broadband applications. Besides this, when trying to increase the bandwidth of antennas based on high-impedance surfaces, the radiation pattern tends to split at broadside when approaching the resonance frequency of the AMC used as a ground plane. A study on the surface currents on the patches evidences that the currents induced on contiguous patches are not in phase, which may lead to the cancellation of their E-field contributions. In this paper, the dependence of this phase shift versus frequency and patches dimensions is analyzed with the help of an eigenmode analysis based on the method-of-moment (MoM) technique. Reducing the size of the AMC in the E-plane and breaking its periodicity in the H-plane improves the broadside directivity.
Mateos Navarro, R. M., Craeye, C., & Toso, G. (2006). Design of a non-periodic artificial magnetic conductor to obtain a high-gain wideband low-profile antenna. In Lacoste, H.; Ouwehand, L.; (ed.), Proceedings of the European Conference on Antennas and PropagationEuCAP 2006 (p. 5 pp.). Esa. https://hdl.handle.net/2078.5/229772