Detection of a large spectrum of viral infections in conjunctival premalignant and malignant lesions.

Galati, Luisa;Combes, Jean Damien;Gupta, Purnima;Sen, Rajdip;Tommasino, Massimo;et.al.
(2020) International journal of cancer — Vol. 147, n° 10, p. 2862-2870 (2020)

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Authors
  • Galati, Luisa
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  • Combes, Jean Damien
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  • Gupta, PurnimaUCLouvain
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  • Sen, Rajdip
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  • Tommasino, Massimoorcid-logo
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Abstract
To study the interaction between HIV and other carcinogenic infections in conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), we evaluated the presence of a broad spectrum of human viruses in conjunctiva specimens. Beta Human papillomavirus (HPV; n = 46), gamma HPV (n = 52), polyomaviruses (n = 12) and herpes viruses (n = 3) was determined in DNA extracted from 67 neoplastic and 55 non-neoplastic conjunctival tissues of HIV-positive and HIV negative subjects by Luminex-based assays. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was also used to further characterize the presence of cutaneous HPVs. Detection of beta-2 HPV infections was associated with the risk of neoplasia (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 3.0; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.3-6.8), regardless of HIV status (HIV positive, aOR 2.6, 95% CI 0.9-7.7; HIV negative, aOR 3.5, 95% CI 0.9-14.4). EBV was strongly associated with the risk of neoplasia (aOR 12.0, 95% CI 4.3-33.5; P < .01) mainly in HIV individuals (HIV positive, aOR 57.5; 95% CI: 10.1-327.1; HIV negative aOR 2.6; 95% CI: 0.2-34.7). NGS allowed to identify 13 putative novel HPVs in cases and controls. Our findings suggest a role of beta HPV types and EBV, in conjunctival SCC. However, additional studies of viral expression in tumor tissue are required to confirm the causal association.
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Galati, L., Combes, J. D., Gupta, P., Sen, R., Robitaille, A., Brancaccio, R. N., Atsou, K., Cuenin, C., McKay-Chopin, S., Tornesello, M. L., Buonaguro, F. M., Clifford, G., Gheit, T., & Tommasino, M. (2020). Detection of a large spectrum of viral infections in conjunctival premalignant and malignant lesions. International journal of cancer, 147(10), 2862-2870. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.33149 (Original work published 2020)