Reciprocity and depressive symptoms in belgian workers: a cross-sectional multilevel analysis
(2013) Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine — Vol. 55, n° 7, p. 824-831 (2013)
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- Abstract
- OBJECTIVE: This study examines the multidimensional association between reciprocity at work and depressive symptoms. METHODS: Data from the Belgian BELSTRESS survey (32 companies; N = 24,402) were analyzed. Multilevel statistical procedures were used to account for company-level associations while controlling for individual-level associations. RESULTS: Different dimensions of individual reciprocity were negatively associated with depressive symptoms. On the company level, only vertical emotional reciprocity was negatively associated (β = -4.660; SE = 1.117) independently from individual reciprocity (β = -0.557; SE = 0.042). Complex interactions were found such that workplace reciprocity (1) may not uniformly benefit individuals and (2) related differently to depressive symptoms, depending on occupational group. CONCLUSIONS: This study extends the existing literature with evidence on the multidimensional, contextual, and cross-level interaction associations of reciprocity as a key aspect of social capital on depressive symptoms.
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De Clercq, B., Clays, E., Janssens, H., De Bacquer, D., Casini, A., & et al. (2013). Reciprocity and depressive symptoms in belgian workers: a cross-sectional multilevel analysis. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 55(7), 824-831. https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0b013e31828dc8cd (Original work published 2013)