Functional diversity of symbiotic bacteria in blood-feeding arthropods
(2016) Vectoland 2016 — Location: Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium (23.November.2016)
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- Abstract
- All metazoans are associated with microorganisms that can improve their health and survival. The consortia of commensal, symbiotic and pathogenic microbes that occupy various niches in the animal body is called the microbiome. In arthropods, the microbiome is mainly based on the presence of symbiotic bacteria that are usually distributed in two categories: the primary symbionts that are ancient and obligate, and the facultative symbionts that are recent and facultative. While obligate symbionts are mostly nutritional mutualists, facultative symbionts include members that can be mutualists depending on environmental conditions, and members that are reproductive manipulators (e.g. Wolbachia) that enhance productivity of infected female lines. In this presentation, the functional diversity of symbiotic bacteria hosted by some major blood-feeding arthropods (ticks, tsetse flies, bedbugs and mosquitoes) is illustrated through some relevant studies in recent years. Symbiotic bacteria can modulate essential aspects of arthropod life-cycle, including reproductive fitness and survival, but also vector competences. The likely role of symbiotic bacteria in pathogens transmission and the emergence of new diseases is developed. Some of the major molecular approaches (e. g. PCR, microscopy, and next-generation sequencing) that have increased our knowledge about the evolution and the function of symbionts in arthropods are addressed. There is no doubt that studying the ecological and the evolutionary effects of symbionts harbored by blood-feeding arthropods, as well as the whole associated microbiome, should help us to understand pathogen transmission mechanisms, and to develop new strategies to control these invertebrates and impair associated-pathogens transmission.
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Renoz, F., & Hance, T. (2016). Functional diversity of symbiotic bacteria in blood-feeding arthropods. Vectoland 2016, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium. https://hdl.handle.net/2078.5/248061