Enhanced Vascular Biocompatibility and Remodeling of Decellularized and Secured Xenogeneic/Allogeneic Matrices in a Porcine Model.
(2018) European Surgical Research : clinical and experimental surgery — Vol. 59, n° 1-2, p. 58-71 (2018)
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- Calcifications and absence of growth potential are the major drawbacks of glutaraldehyde-treated prosthesis. Decellularized and secured xeno-/allogeneic matrices were assessed in a preclinical porcine model for biocompatibility and vascular remodeling in comparison to glutaraldehyde-fixed bovine pericardium (GBP; control). Native human (fascia lata, pericardium) and porcine tissues (peritoneum) were used and treated. In vitro, biopsies were performed before and after treatment to assess decellularization (hematoxylin and eosin/DAPI). In vivo, each decellularized and control tissue sample was implanted subcutaneously in 4 mini-pigs. In addition, 9 mini-pigs received a patch or a tubularized prosthesis interposition on the carotid artery or abdominal aorta of decellularized (D) human fascia lata (DHFL; n = 4), human pericardium (DHP; n = 9), porcine peritoneum (DPPt; n = 7), and control tissue (GBP: n = 3). Arteries were harvested after 1 month and subcutaneous samples after 15-30 days. Tissues were processed for hematoxylin and eosin/von Kossa staining and immunohistochemistry for CD31, alpha-smooth muscle actin, CD3, and CD68. Histomorphometry was achieved by point counting. A 95% decellularization was confirmed for DHP and DPPt, and to a lower degree for DHFL. In the subcutaneous protocol, CD3 infiltration was significantly higher at day 30 in GBP and DHFL, and CD68 infiltration was significantly higher for GBP (p < 0.05). In intravascular study, no deaths, aneurysms, or pseudoaneurysms were observed. Inflammatory reaction was significantly higher for DHFL and GBP (p < 0.05), while it was lower and comparable for DHP/DPPt. DHP and DPPt showed deeper recellularization, and a new arterial wall was characterized. In a preclinical model, DPPt and DHP offered better results than conventional commercialized GBP for biocompatibility and vascular remodeling.
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van Steenberghe, M., Schubert, T., Bouzin, C., Caravaggio, C., Guiot, Y., Xhema, D., & Gianello, P. (2018). Enhanced Vascular Biocompatibility and Remodeling of Decellularized and Secured Xenogeneic/Allogeneic Matrices in a Porcine Model. European Surgical Research : clinical and experimental surgery, 59(1-2), 58-71. https://doi.org/10.1159/000487591 (Original work published 2018)