Lung Transplant Recipients Immunogenicity after Heterologous ChAdOx1 nCoV-19—BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccination

Catry, Emilie;Favresse, Julien;Gillot, Constant;Bayart, Jean-Louis;Closset, Mélanie;et.al.
(2022) Viruses — Vol. 14, n° 7, p. 1470 [1-11] (2022)

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(en) (1) BACKGROUND: High immunosuppressive regimen in lung transplant recipients (LTRs) hampers the immune response to vaccination. We prospectively investigated the immunogenicity of heterologous ChAdOx1 nCoV-19-BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination in an LTR cohort. (2) METHODS: Forty-nine COVID-19 naïve LTRs received a two-dose regimen ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine. A subset of 32 patients received a booster dose of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine 18 weeks after the second dose. (3) RESULTS: Two-doses of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 induced poor immunogenicity with 7.2% seropositivity at day 180 and low neutralizing capacities. The BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine induced significant increases in IgG titers with means of 197.8 binding antibody units per milliliter (BAU/mL) (95% CI 0-491.4) and neutralizing antibodies, with means of 76.6 AU/mL (95% CI 0-159.6). At day 238, 32.2% of LTRs seroconverted after the booster dose. Seroneutralization capacities against Delta and Omicron variants were found in only 13 and 9 LTRs, respectively. Mycophenolate mofetil and high-dose corticosteroids were associated with a weak serological response. (4) CONCLUSIONS: The immunogenicity of a two-dose ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine regimen was very poor in LTRs, but was significantly enhanced after the booster dose in one-third of LTRs. In immunocompromised individuals, the administration of a fourth dose may be considered to increase the immune response against SARS-CoV-2.
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Catry, E., Favresse, J., Gillot, C., Bayart, J.-L., Frerotte, D., Dumonceaux, M., Evrard, P., Mullier, F., Douxfils, J., Carlier, F., & Closset, M. (2022). Lung Transplant Recipients Immunogenicity after Heterologous ChAdOx1 nCoV-19—BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccination. Viruses, 14(7), 1470 [1-11]. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14071470 (Original work published 2022)