On the influence of location of high-latitude ocean deep convection and Antarctic sea-ice on climate change projections
(2004) Journal of Climate — Vol. 17, n° 22, p. 4316-4329 (2004)
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- Abstract
- The mean state and variability of deep convection in the ocean influence the North Atlantic climate. Using an ensemble experiment with a coupled atmosphere–ocean–sea ice model, it is shown that cooling and subdued warming areas can occur over the North Atlantic Ocean and adjacent landmasses under global warming. Different ‘‘present-day’’ convection patterns in the Greenland–Iceland–Norway (GIN) Sea result in different future surface- air temperature changes. At higher latitudes, the more effective positive sea ice feedback increases the likelihood of changes in convection causing a regional cooling that is larger than the warming brought about by the enhanced greenhouse effect. The modeled freshening of deep ocean layers in the North Atlantic in a time period preceding a reorganization of GIN Sea convection is consistent with recent observations. Low-frequency internal variability in the ocean model has relatively little impact on the response patterns.
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Citations
Schaeffer, M., Selten, F., Goosse, H., & Opsteegh, T. (2004). On the influence of location of high-latitude ocean deep convection and Antarctic sea-ice on climate change projections. Journal of Climate, 17(22), 4316-4329. https://doi.org/10.1175/3174.1 (Original work published 2004)