Using the standard non linear income and commodity taxation framework this paper examines the optimal policy to be adopted when the same labor disutility can receive two opposite interpretations: taste for leisure and activity limitation. In the absence of complete information about individual characteristics, an income tax does not allow to distinguish lazy from handicapped individuals. One may however rely on a combination of commodity and income taxes to redistribute from the former to the latter when they differ in their preferences for commodities.
Marchand, M., Pestieau, P., & del Mar Racionero, M. (2003). Optimal redistribution when different workers are indistinguishable (ECON Discussion Papers 2003/14). https://hdl.handle.net/2078.5/129015