Gestational and lactational xenoestrogen exposure disrupts morphology and inflammatory aspects in mammary gland of gerbil mothers during involution
(2022) Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology — Vol. 89, n° 1, p. 103785 (2022)
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- Abstract
- In the mammary gland (MG), the developmental window for gestational/lactational differentiation and growth is highly vulnerable to hormonal disruption. Here we describe that the MG involution process in female gerbil mothers is delayed by bisphenol A (BPA) exposure during gestation and lactation. The process is directly influenced by changes in expression of extracellular matrix proteases MMP-2, MMP-9, and FAP, and the incidence of collagen and elastin is reduced after 7 and 14 days of weaning. A pro-inflammatory environment in the late involution process was confirmed by higher expression of TNF-α, COX-2 and phospho-STAT3 n the MG stroma, allied to increases in the incidence of macrophages and mast cells. These aspects impacted the proliferative pattern of epithelial cells, which decreased on the 14th post-weaning day. These data confirm that the milk production window of susceptibility is vulnerable to the impact of BPA, which promotes a suggestive pro-tumoral microenvironment during mammary involution.
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Ruiz, T. F. R., Rivas Leonel, E., Colleta, S. J., Bedolo, C. M., Pegorin de Campos, S. G., & Taboga, S. R. (2022). Gestational and lactational xenoestrogen exposure disrupts morphology and inflammatory aspects in mammary gland of gerbil mothers during involution. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 89(1), 103785. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.etap.2021.103785 (Original work published 2022)