Comparative effects of arsenite (As(III)) and arsenate (As(V)) on whole plants and cell lines of the arsenic-resistant halophyte plant species Atriplex atacamensis

Vromman, Delphine;Martínez, Juan-Pablo;Kumar, Mahendra;Šlejkovec, Zdenka;Lutts, Stanley
(2018) Environmental Science and Pollution Research — Vol. 25, n° 34, p. 34473-34486 (2018)

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Authors
  • Vromman, DelphineUCLouvain
    Author
  • Martínez, Juan-PabloInstituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA-La Cruz, La Cruz, Region de Valparaiso, Chile
    Author
  • Kumar, MahendraScience Research, Av. Costanera, 4976 Iquique, Chile
    Author
  • Šlejkovec, ZdenkaJožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
    Author
  • Lutts, StanleyUCLouvain
    Author
Abstract
Whole plants and hypocotyl-derived calli of the halophyte plant species Atriplex atacamensiswere exposed to 50 μMarsenate (As(V))or 50 μMarsenite (As(III)). At thewhole plant level,As(III) wasmore toxic thanAs(V): it reduced plant growth, stomatal conductance,photosystem II efficiency while As(V) did not. In roots, As accumulated to higher level in response toAs(III) than in response to As(V). Within root tissues, both arsenate and arsenite were identified in response to each treatment suggesting that oxidation of As(III) may occur. More than 40% of As was bound to the cell wall in the roots of As(V)-treated plants while this proportion strongly decreased in As(III)-treated ones. In leaves, total As and the proportion of As bound to the cell wall were similar in response to As(V) and As(III). Non-protein thiol increased to higher extent in response to As(V) than in response to As(III) while ethylene synthesis was increased in As(III)-treated plants only. Polyamine profile was modified in a contrasting way in response to As(V) and As(III). At the callus level, As(V) and As(III) 50 μMdid not reduce growth despite an important As accumulation within tissues. Calli exposed to 50 μMAs did not increase the endogenous non-protein thiol. In contrast to the whole plants, arsenite was not more toxic than arsenate at the cell line level and As(V)-treated calli produced higher amounts of ethylene and malondialdehyde. A very high dose of As(V) (1000 μM) strongly reduced callus growth and lead to non-protein thiols accumulation. It is concluded that As(III) was more toxic than As(V) at the plant level but not at the cellular level and that differential toxicitywas not fully explained by speciation of accumulated As. Arsenic resistance in A. atacamensis exhibited a cellular componentwhich however did not reflect the behavior of whole plant when exposed to As(V) or As(III).
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Vromman, D., Martínez, J.-P., Kumar, M., Šlejkovec, Z., & Lutts, S. (2018). Comparative effects of arsenite (As(III)) and arsenate (As(V)) on whole plants and cell lines of the arsenic-resistant halophyte plant species Atriplex atacamensis. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 25(34), 34473-34486. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-3351-x (Original work published 2018)